Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are far more common than most people realize—and many of them don’t cause any symptoms at all. This silence is part of what makes them so persistent: individuals may carry and spread infections without ever knowing they have one. Globally, studies show a significant portion of STIs, especially those affecting the throat and rectum, go unnoticed without routine screening. For example, as many as 60% of women with chlamydia, gonorrhea, or trichomoniasis may never experience any symptoms, particularly in regions where access to sexual health care is limited.
Still, when symptoms do appear, they can offer a crucial early signal. Unusual discharge, painful urination, sores, or pelvic discomfort can be signs of an STI, and they’re worth paying attention to—even if they’re mild. Some infections, like herpes, can cause painful sores or flu-like symptoms during outbreaks. Others, like syphilis or gonorrhea, may start with subtle signs that are easily mistaken for something else.
That’s why awareness matters. This article breaks down the most common STIs, what their symptoms typically look like, and when to consider getting tested. Whether you’re experiencing symptoms or just staying proactive, understanding the basics of STI detection is a smart step in protecting your health and the health of your partners.
Why STI Symptoms Are Tricky
One of the biggest challenges in identifying sexually transmitted infections is that many simply don’t announce themselves. Infections like chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis often go unnoticed in their early stages—especially when they affect areas like the throat or rectum. Research shows that in these extragenital sites, more than 80% of infections show no symptoms at all. This silence allows STIs to spread easily, particularly in communities where access to regular testing is limited or where stigma makes seeking care more difficult. Among people living with HIV, asymptomatic infections are especially common, underscoring the need for consistent, routine screening.
Even when symptoms do appear, they can be confusing. STIs often mimic more familiar conditions—like urinary tract infections, yeast infections, or even allergic reactions. A painful sore or discharge might seem like nothing more than irritation or a minor rash. Some STIs, such as lymphogranuloma venereum, can be mistaken for far more serious illnesses like inflammatory bowel disease or colorectal cancer. Others may resemble common dermatologic issues or benign problems like hemorrhoids. Without testing, it’s easy to misattribute symptoms or dismiss them altogether.
That’s why tuning into your body is so important. Noticing what feels off—whether it’s a change in discharge, persistent itching, or new discomfort—can prompt earlier testing and better outcomes. Learning what’s normal for your body helps you recognize what’s not. And in many cases, those small signs are the difference between catching an infection early or allowing it to develop unnoticed. Staying informed, alert, and proactive is the first and most powerful step toward protecting your sexual health.
A Quick Look at Common STIs and Their Symptoms
While each sexually transmitted infection presents differently, many share overlapping symptoms—or no symptoms at all. The table below offers a brief summary of the most common STIs, how they typically present, and whether they’re curable or manageable with treatment. Keep in mind that this is just an overview; testing is the only way to know for sure.
| STI | Typical Symptoms (If Any) | Curable or Treatable? |
| Chlamydia | Often silent; may cause painful urination, abnormal discharge | ✅ Curable with antibiotics |
| Gonorrhea | Similar to chlamydia; can include sore throat if in the pharynx | ✅ Curable, though antibiotic resistance is rising |
| Genital Herpes | Painful blisters, tingling, flu-like symptoms; often mild or unnoticed | ❌ Treatable with antivirals, not curable |
| HPV | Usually no symptoms; may cause genital warts or abnormal Pap results | ❌ Treatable; vaccines prevent many strains |
| Syphilis | Painless sore, rash, flu-like symptoms; may progress if untreated | ✅ Curable in early stages |
| HIV | Flu-like symptoms early on; may remain silent for years | ❌ Treatable with lifelong ART |
| Trichomoniasis | Genital itching, frothy discharge, burning; often asymptomatic | ✅ Curable with antibiotics |
This overview underscores why STI screening is so important—even when you feel completely fine. Subtle or absent symptoms don’t mean there’s nothing going on.
Bacterial STIs: Treatable with Antibiotics
Bacterial sexually transmitted infections are among the most common—and fortunately, the most treatable. With timely testing and appropriate antibiotics, infections like chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis can be fully cured. But because they’re often symptomless or easily confused with other conditions, they frequently go undetected until complications arise.
Chlamydia
Chlamydia is the most commonly reported STI in both the U.S. and worldwide, particularly affecting people in their teens and twenties. When symptoms occur, they might include a burning sensation during urination, unusual discharge, spotting between periods, or lower abdominal pain. However, the majority of cases—especially in women—show no symptoms at all. Left untreated, chlamydia can lead to serious reproductive health problems, including pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), infertility, and a higher risk of ectopic pregnancy. The good news is that it’s easily curable with antibiotics such as doxycycline or azithromycin.
Gonorrhea
Often found alongside chlamydia, gonorrhea shares many of the same symptoms: painful urination, discharge, and pelvic discomfort. It can also infect the rectum or throat, where symptoms may include soreness, itching, or no symptoms at all. Because of this overlap, testing for both infections is often recommended at the same time. If gonorrhea goes untreated, it can result in long-term complications, including infertility, chronic pelvic pain, and increased vulnerability to HIV. While it is curable—typically with a single injection of ceftriaxone—emerging antibiotic resistance makes early detection especially important.
Syphilis
Syphilis is known for its distinct stages. The first involves a small, painless sore (called a chancre) that appears at the point of contact and may go unnoticed. Weeks later, secondary symptoms can include a rough rash on the palms or soles, fever, and swollen lymph nodes. Without treatment, syphilis can move into a latent phase and eventually lead to serious complications affecting the brain, heart, and other organs. Fortunately, early-stage syphilis is highly responsive to a single dose of intramuscular penicillin, making prompt diagnosis and treatment essential.
Bacterial STIs are both common and manageable—but only if they’re caught in time. Regular testing, especially for those who are sexually active with new or multiple partners, remains the most reliable way to catch these infections before they cause harm.
Viral STIs: Treatable but Not Curable
Unlike bacterial infections, viral STIs can’t be cured with a course of antibiotics. Instead, they tend to persist in the body—sometimes with visible symptoms, sometimes without—requiring long-term management. Though these infections can’t be eliminated, early diagnosis and appropriate care can make a significant difference in how they affect your health and daily life.
Genital Herpes (HSV-1 & HSV-2)
Genital herpes is caused by two types of herpes simplex virus: HSV-1, which also causes cold sores, and HSV-2, which is more often linked to genital infections. An initial outbreak may bring painful blisters, itching, tingling sensations, and flu-like symptoms. However, many people mistake these signs for less serious issues like razor burn or ingrown hairs. After the first outbreak, the virus stays in the body and can reactivate over time. Even when no sores are present, it’s still possible to transmit herpes due to asymptomatic viral shedding. While there’s no cure, antiviral medications like acyclovir can reduce both symptom frequency and transmission risk.
Human Papillomavirus (HPV)
HPV is one of the most widespread viral STIs, with the majority of sexually active individuals contracting it at some point in their lives—often without knowing. Low-risk HPV strains may cause genital warts, while high-risk types can lead to abnormal Pap smear results and are closely linked to cervical and other cancers. Many HPV infections resolve on their own, particularly in younger individuals. But persistent infections, especially with high-risk strains, can pose long-term health risks. Vaccination offers powerful protection against many of the most dangerous types, and regular screening helps catch early signs of complications.
HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus)
HIV can be especially tricky to detect early. The initial stage may involve vague symptoms—fever, fatigue, rash, or sore throat—that often resemble other common viral illnesses. After this phase, the virus may not cause noticeable symptoms for years, all while gradually weakening the immune system. Without testing, it’s easy to miss. Fortunately, modern treatment with antiretroviral therapy (ART) has transformed HIV from a fatal diagnosis into a manageable chronic condition. When started early and taken consistently, ART can keep the virus suppressed, prevent progression to AIDS, and significantly reduce the risk of transmission to others.
Although these viral STIs can’t be cured, they don’t have to take over your life. With awareness, regular testing, and treatment when needed, it’s entirely possible to stay healthy and protect others.
Parasitic STIs: Easily Treated but Often Missed
While less talked about than viral or bacterial infections, parasitic STIs are surprisingly common—and frequently overlooked. These infections are usually easy to treat with the right medication, but their symptoms can be subtle or mistaken for other conditions, allowing them to persist unnoticed.
Trichomoniasis
Caused by the protozoan parasite Trichomonas vaginalis, trichomoniasis is the most widespread non-viral STI worldwide. Many people, especially men, carry the infection without showing any symptoms. When symptoms do appear, they can include genital itching, burning during urination, and an unusual, sometimes frothy discharge. Because it’s often asymptomatic, trichomoniasis can easily go undiagnosed unless testing is specifically done. Left untreated, it not only continues to spread but can also increase susceptibility to other infections, including HIV. Fortunately, a single dose of oral antibiotics—usually metronidazole—is typically enough to clear it up.
Pubic Lice and Scabies
Pubic lice (often called “crabs”) and scabies aren’t caused by bacteria or viruses, but by tiny insects and mites. These parasites are transmitted through close physical contact, including—but not limited to—sexual activity. Pubic lice attach to coarse body hair and cause intense itching along with visible nits (eggs) or red bumps in the genital region. Scabies, caused by mites that burrow into the skin, leads to widespread itching that often worsens at night and may extend beyond the genitals to areas like the wrists, torso, or between fingers. While not life-threatening, both conditions are highly contagious and can cause significant discomfort.
Topical creams or oral medications can quickly eliminate these parasites once diagnosed. But due to stigma or confusion with other skin conditions, many people delay seeking care—leading to unnecessary irritation and continued spread.
These parasitic infections might not dominate sexual health conversations, but they’re important to recognize. Prompt treatment not only relieves symptoms but prevents reinfection and protects partners.
When to Get Tested
Knowing when to get tested for STIs isn’t just about responding to symptoms—it’s about being proactive with your health, your relationships, and your future. Because so many sexually transmitted infections don’t cause obvious signs, testing is often the only way to detect them early and prevent complications.
After Unprotected Sex—Especially with a New Partner
Having unprotected sex, particularly with new or multiple partners, significantly raises your chances of exposure to an STI. It’s not about judgment—it’s simply biology. Research shows that unprotected encounters, especially outside regular partnerships, are strongly linked to higher STI rates. In high-risk populations like female sex workers, prompt screening after such exposures has proven essential to curbing transmission. Even a single unprotected encounter can lead to infection, so it’s wise to get tested as soon as possible afterward to catch any issues early.
If You Notice Any Genital Symptoms
Certain symptoms should never be ignored—unusual discharge, burning during urination, sores, rashes, or discomfort in the genital, anal, or oral areas all warrant immediate attention. Even if the symptoms are mild, they could signal an infection like chlamydia, gonorrhea, or syphilis. One study found that individuals seeking care for seemingly minor symptoms were often diagnosed with bacterial STIs. If something feels off, trust your body and don’t wait to get checked.
As Part of Regular Sexual Health Care
You don’t need to wait for a reason to get tested. Routine STI screening should be part of your ongoing health care, even if you feel fine. Many infections—especially those in the throat or rectum—cause no symptoms at all but can still be passed to partners or cause long-term harm. Regular testing is particularly important for people in high-risk groups, such as those on PrEP, with multiple partners, or in non-monogamous relationships. But the truth is, it’s a smart practice for anyone who is sexually active.
Making STI testing a normal part of your routine doesn’t just protect you—it shows care and respect for your partners, too. It’s a small step that can have a big impact on your health and peace of mind.
Why You Shouldn’t Wait for Symptoms
One of the most important truths about STIs is also one of the most misleading: just because you don’t feel anything doesn’t mean nothing is happening. Many sexually transmitted infections cause silent damage—working quietly in the background until they lead to serious, sometimes irreversible health issues.
Silent Infections, Serious Consequences
Infections like chlamydia and gonorrhea are prime examples. They often show no signs at all, especially in their early stages, yet can still cause pelvic inflammatory disease, chronic pelvic pain, and infertility. Left untreated, they may also lead to complications during pregnancy or increase the risk of ectopic pregnancy. STIs can also weaken the body’s natural defenses, making it easier for viruses like HIV to take hold. All of this can happen without a single noticeable symptom.
Early Testing Makes All the Difference
The earlier you catch an STI, the simpler the treatment tends to be—and the better your chances of avoiding complications. Routine screening can identify infections before they cause harm, allowing for quick, effective treatment and reducing the risk of transmission to others. On a broader scale, early detection plays a vital role in public health. When more people test regularly, infections are caught sooner, and overall STI rates in the community begin to drop.
Making Testing Routine and Stigma-Free
STI testing shouldn’t be treated as something shameful or reserved for moments of crisis. Like annual physicals or dental check-ups, it belongs on the list of normal health habits. Normalizing testing helps strip away the stigma that often keeps people from getting the care they need. Community-led initiatives and culturally respectful outreach programs are already helping shift this narrative, making it easier for more people to take charge of their sexual health without fear or embarrassment.
You don’t have to wait for a symptom to show up before taking action. Testing is not just a tool for diagnosis—it’s a cornerstone of self-care.
Staying Informed Is Staying Empowered
STIs are far more common—and often more silent—than most people realize. But silence doesn’t mean harmless. Understanding the basics of common STI symptoms, knowing when to get tested, and recognizing that many infections can exist without any outward signs is a powerful step toward protecting both your own health and the well-being of those around you.
Testing isn’t about fear—it’s about care. It’s one of the most effective ways to catch problems early, prevent long-term complications, and feel confident in your body and choices. Whether you’re navigating symptoms, starting a new relationship, or simply staying on top of your health, you deserve access to clear information and compassionate support.
If you found this guide helpful, consider joining our mailing list. You’ll get updates on new articles, resources to support your sexual health, and trusted information delivered with the same non-judgmental tone you’ve seen here. Because when you know more, you can care better—for yourself and for others.
References
Adamson, P., Bui, H., Pham, L. Q., Le, H., Nguyen, T., Le, G., & Klausner, J. (2022). High prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae identified through routine screening for rectal, pharyngeal, and urethral infections within a HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis program in Hanoi, Vietnam. Open Forum Infectious Diseases.
Akpadjan, F., Kitha, B. P., Balola, C., Tounouga, D., Assogba, D., Adégbidi, E., Dotsop, L., Legonou, M. C., Mastaki, F., Degboe, B., & Atadokpèdé, F. (2024). When Religion Gets Involved in the Treatment of Scabies: About A Case in the University Clinic of Dermatology and Venerology of ‘Centre National Hospitalier Universitaire Hubert Koutoukou Maga’ of Cotonou. SAS Journal of Medicine.
AL-ETHAFA, L. F. M. (2021). Trichomonas vaginals: A review on pathogenicity, diagnosis and treatment. Science Archives.
Bagul, A., & Pradhan, V. (2021). Drug resistance of Trichomoniasis: A Review.
Boeke, A. J. P., Dekker, J. H., van Bokhoven-Rombouts, C. A. J., van Dam, A. P., & Oldhoff, J. M. (2024). Is it a sexually transmitted disease? Nederlands Tijdschrift voor Geneeskunde.
Bongomin, F., Kibone, W., Pebalo, P. F., Laker, F. G., Okot, J., Kaducu, F., Madraa, G., Loum, C., Awor, S., Napyo, A., Musoke, D., & Ouma, S. (2023). Safe Sex Practices and STI Screening Behaviours among Female Sex Workers in Gulu City, Uganda. Venereology.
Cavalcante, J. B. P., Araújo, M. A. S., Lima, C. M. B. L., Coêlho, H. F., & Silva, A. B. (2025). Women’s Health and Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs): the Importance of Prevention and Early Diagnosis. Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental.
Cavanagh, N., & White, J. (2022). Sexually transmitted causes of urethritis, proctitis, pharyngitis, vaginitis and cervicitis. Medicine.
Choi, J., Choi, J. B., Bae, S., Lee, C. H., Shin, Y. S., You, D., Lee, J. Y., Lee, S. J., & Lee, K. W. (2024). 2023 Korean sexually transmitted infections guidelines for non-gonococcal bacterial infection (chlamydia, syphilis, etc.) by the Korean Association of Urogenital Tract Infection and Inflammation. Investigative and clinical urology, 65(2), 115–123.
Cowan, M. L., & Schlussel, A. (2021). Sexually Transmitted Infections of the Colon and Rectum. The ASCRS Textbook of Colon and Rectal Surgery.
Cristina, I., Chulvis Do Val, H., Lannoy, S. S., Mattos-Junior, N., de Sergio, & Universidade Federal E. (2023). Prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae and associated factors among women living with HIV in Brazil: A multicenter study.
Dalby, J., & Stoner, B. (2022). Sexually Transmitted Infections: Updates From the 2021 CDC Guidelines. American Family Physician.
Dionne-Odom, J., Workowski, K., Perlowski, C., Taylor, S., Mayer, K., Mcneil, C., Hamill, M., Dombrowski, J., Batteiger, T., Seña, A., Wiesenfeld, H., Newman, L. M., & Hook, E. (2022). Coinfection With Chlamydial and Gonorrheal Infection Among US Adults With Early Syphilis. Sexually Transmitted Diseases.
Duracinsky, M., Dimi, S., Carrieri, M., Yaya, I., Villes, V., Valin, N., Farfour, E., Chassany, O., & Zucman, D. (2022). Risk Prediction Score for Screening Asymptomatic Sexually Transmitted Infections in HIV-positive French Men Who Have Sex with Men (ANRS 9520 DRIVER). American Journal of Health Behavior.
Farid, H., Brown, E., & Golen, T. (2020). Sexually Transmitted Infections. DeckerMed Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Fortas, C., Delarocque-Astagneau, E., Randremanana, R., Crucitti, T., & Huynh, B. T. (2024). Asymptomatic infections with Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and Trichomonas vaginalis among women in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLOS Global Public Health.
Fu, L., Sun, Y., Han, M., Wang, B., Xiao, F., Zhou, Y., Gao, Y., Fitzpatrick, T., Yuan, T., Li, P., Zhan, Y., Lu, Y., Luo, G., Duan, J., Hong, Z., Fairley, C., Zhang, T., Zhao, J., & Zou, H. (2022). Incidence Trends of Five Common Sexually Transmitted Infections Excluding HIV From 1990 to 2019 at the Global, Regional, and National Levels. Frontiers in Medicine.
Gaikwad, S. (2024). Assessment of the Impact of Numerous Medicinal Plants on Trichomonas Vaginalis: A Review. International Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering and Management.
Grennan, T., & Tan, D. H. S. (2021). Benefits of opportunistic screening for sexually transmitted infections in primary care. CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l’Association medicale canadienne, 193(16), E566–E567.
HadžavdiĆ, S. L., Krtanjek, J., Marinovic, B., & Skerlev, M. (2021). Syphilis and Bacterial Sexually Transmitted Infections. Atlas of Dermatology, Dermatopathology and Venereology.
Hazazi, A. A., Alanazi, A. A., Darbashi, M. A., Alharthi, Y. S., Al Suliman, R. M., Alluhaydan, J. A. S., Alanazi, N. K., Alanazi, Y. H. J., Alotaibi, A., & Al-Arej, I. M. (2024). Sexually transmitted infections: An updated review article for healthcare professionals. International Journal of Health Sciences.
Heller, E., & Micheletti, R. (2020). Cutaneous Manifestations of Sexually Transmitted Infections. Springer.
Horn-Magar, C., & Lehmann, C. (2024). An STI rarely comes alone—An overview of sexually transmitted infections. Innere Medizin.
Jimenez Garcia, J. G., Fernandez, C., Aziz, M. A., & Molina, M. (2025). Rectal Lymphogranuloma Venereum Mass Mimicking Colorectal Cancer. Cureus.
Kim, W. B., Lee, S. J., Bae, S., Ku, J. Y., Oh, T. H., Oh, M. M., Yang, S. O., & Choi, J. B. (2024). Korean sexually transmitted infection guidelines 2023 revision, guideline update of viral infections: Genital herpes and anogenital warts. Investigative and clinical urology, 65(1), 9–15.
Kogler, A., Sadoghi, B., Draschl, A., Chromy, D., Binder, L., Schiefer-Niederkorn, A., Hofmann-Wellenhof, E. L., & Wolf, P. (2025). Prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Mycoplasma genitalium at pharyngeal and anorectal sites in patients presenting to an STI outpatient ward. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV, 39(2), 389–397.
Maueia, C., Murahwa, A., Manjate, A., Sacarlal, J., Kenga, D., Unemo, M., Andersson, S., Mussá, T., & Williamson, A. L. (2024). The relationship between selected sexually transmitted pathogens, HPV and HIV infection status in women presenting with gynaecological symptoms in Maputo City, Mozambique. PloS one, 19(9), e0307781.
Mukavhanyedzi, D., & Rukasha, I. (2024). Sexually transmitted pathogens in asymptomatic women at Rethabile clinic, Limpopo, South Africa. Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases.
Murtagh, M., Blondeel, K., Peeling, R. W., Kiarie, J., & Toskin, I. (2021). The relevance of target product profiles for manufacturers, experiences from the World Health Organization initiative for point-of-care testing for sexually transmitted infections. Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique, 79(1), 187.
Nelson, J. A., Zha, P., Halawani, M., & Jones, V. (2022). Evidence-Based Interventions Implemented into HIV Primary Care Clinics to Make Sexually Transmitted Infection Screening and Testing Routine: Outcomes of a Multi-Site Study. AIDS patient care and STDs, 36(S2), 92–103.
Nowak, R., Liska, T. A., Bentzen, S., Kim, E., Chipato, T., Salata, R., Celentano, D., Morrison, C., & Gravitt, P. (2021). Herpes Simplex Virus Type-2 shedding and genital ulcers during early HIV in Zimbabwean women. JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes.
Pimentel, R., Correia, C., Estorninho, J., Gravito-Soares, E., Gravito-Soares, M., & Figueiredo, P. (2021). Lymphogranuloma Venereum-Associated Proctitis Mimicking a Malignant Rectal Neoplasia: Searching for Diagnosis. GE Portuguese journal of gastroenterology, 29(4), 267–272.
Pyle, A., Garner, L., & Wallace Huff, C. (2025). Gonorrhea and Chlamydia Infections in Women. Clinical obstetrics and gynecology, 10.1097/GRF.0000000000000931. Advance online publication.
Rodrigues, R., Vieira-Baptista, P., Catalão, C., Borrego, M. J., Sousa, C., & Vale, N. (2023). Chlamydial and Gonococcal Genital Infections: A Narrative Review. Journal of personalized medicine, 13(7), 1170.
Rodríguez-Granger, J., Espadafor López, B., Cobo, F., Blasco Morente, G., Sampedro Martinez, A., Tercedor Sánchez, J., Aliaga-Martinez, L., Padilla-Malo de Molina, A., & Navarro-Marí, J. M. (2020). Update on the Diagnosis of Sexually Transmitted Infections. Actualización en el diagnóstico de las infecciones de transmisión sexual. Actas dermo-sifiliograficas, 111(9), 711–724.
Rose, S. B., Dunlop, A., Gardiner, T., Cole, M., Garrett, S., & McKinlay, E. (2024). ‘Every strategy needs to be contributing to erasing the stigma’: Māori and Pacific young people talk about overcoming barriers to testing for sexually transmitted infections. Sexual Health.
Simbeye, T., Mweene, D., Chimwala-Selico, C., Chisanga, A., Ibrahim, A., Mandona, E., Mwansa, P., Chimwala, M., Nyahodah, I., Phiri, B., Chakolwa, G., & Munsanje, M. (2024). Epidemiology of Sexually Transmitted Infections Among Sexually Active Individuals in Monze District, Zambia. World Journal of Public Health.
Stuccio, S., Akram, R., & Spacek, L. (2020). Prevalence of Asymptomatic Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) in a Philadelphia Ryan White HIV Population. Open Forum Infectious Diseases.
Thiyagarajan, S. (2022). Seroprevalence Pattern of Herpes Simplex Viruses (HSV-1 & 2) among STI Vulnerable Women Population. International STD Research & Reviews.
Tuddenham, S., Hamill, M. M., & Ghanem, K. G. (2022). Diagnosis and Treatment of Sexually Transmitted Infections: A Review. JAMA, 327(2), 161–172.
Van Ommen, C. V., Malleson, S., & Grennan, T. (2023). A practical approach to the diagnosis and management of chlamydia and gonorrhea. CMAJ: Canadian Medical Association Journal.
Willekens, R., Sánchez, I., Miguel, L., Esperalba, J., Serra-Pladevall, J., Martin, M., Navarro, J., Falcó, V., Burgos, J., Ribera, E., Caballero, E., & Curran, A. (2020). Screening for asymptomatic STIs in HIV-infected men who have sex with men. Sexually Transmitted Infections.
Yao, B., Hu, C., Yue, X., Liu, G., & Wang, B. (2023). Clinical Characteristics and Prognosis of Pediatric Phthirus pubis Coinfestation of the Eyelashes and Scalp Hairs. The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene, 109(3), 686–689.
